Recycled Concrete Aggregate and Implementation Problem

Aggregate is one of the most vitally important materials in use for production as it profoundly influences concrete properties and performances. In terms of volume, aggregate is now one of the most widely used materials in the construction industry and, consequently, its treatment at the point of demolition is attracting mush interest. This is to represent total aggregate production, including usage in concrete and road base. Aggregate usage in concrete constitutes perhaps between 25 and 35 per cent of the total aggregate production. The sheer bulk of global aggregate usage is staggering.

The above inevitably impacts on the environment due to the great huge quantity of general and construction waste materials or from building demolition site generated in developed countries. The disposal of all this waste has become a harsh social and environmental problem. This is a large burden on the world’s natural resources and an increasingly expensive problem for solid waste management. Therefore, a possible alternative aggregate method to overcome this issue may be using recycled concrete aggregate instead of natural aggregate in construction task. The solution not only helps preserve and expand the natural resources, but also can reduce waste disposal costs as well as the removal of waste at landfills requirements. In this project, the order most important issue is to determine the best solution to make the recycled concrete aggregate economical for most infrastructure tasks especially in structural concrete. The degree of potential recycling of construction waste will show how the changes to become a new source or production, and find out whether it applies to, or less in Malaysia. Therefore, it can become a reference of implementation to the developers and contractors or increase recycling percentage of construction waste of their construction project.

RESEARCH GOAL

1.2.1 TITLE

The use of recycled concrete aggregate and implementation problem recycle in Malaysia.

1.2.2 AIM

The research is to study how the recycled concrete aggregate be produced and its application. Besides that, the research also to examine the implementation problem for recycling concrete or aggregate in Malaysia construction industry.

1.2.3 OBJECTIVE

1) To define the method of recycling aggregate for use in concrete

2) To find out the application of recycled concrete aggregate

3) To determine the implementation problem of recycling concrete or aggregate in Malaysia.

HYPOTHESIS

Although the concrete or aggregate waste in Malaysia increasing, but Malaysia does not recycling concrete or aggregate rather than other country, such as Japan.

RESEARCH QUESTION

What are the factors affecting recycling concrete aggregate?

How the implementation of recycling concrete aggregate in Malaysia compare with other country.

BACKGROUND

The recycled concrete aggregate can be defined as crushed concrete composed of aggregate fragments coated with cement paste or cement mortar from the demolition of the old structures or pavements that has been processed to produce aggregates suitable for use in new concrete. (Environmental Council of Concrete Organizations, 1999)The processing, as with many natural aggregates, generally involves crushing, grading and washing. This removes contaminant materials such as reinforcing steel, remnants of formwork, gypsum board, and other foreign materials. (G. D. Taylor, 1991)

The application of Recycled Aggregate is mostly currently in low quality/strength concrete, for example, pavement base and slab rather than used in structural concrete. The most common application of Recycled Concrete Aggregate is the use in concrete sub-base in road construction, bank protection, noise barriers and embankments, many types of general bulk fills and fill materials for drainage structures. After the removal of contaminants through selective demolition, screening, and/or air separation and size reduction in a crusher to aggregate sizes, crushed concrete can be used as new concrete for pavements, shoulders, median barriers, sidewalks, curbs and gutters, and bridge foundations; structural grade concrete; soil-cement pavement bases; moulded concrete bricks and blocks, such as bituminous concrete. (Environmental Council of Concrete Organizations, 1999)

SCOPE OF STUDY

This research will identify about the recycle collection method, technical and process of aggregate is being study. Besides that, is to study the application of recycled concrete aggregate in construction industry. Lastly is the factor which may affecting the recycling potential such as, economic benefit, environment consideration and carry out the recycle service of concrete aggregate also a path of scope of study. The data and information were collected through literature reviews, questionnaires, and case study, all of these are facts and no assumptions have been made.

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this research paper, information and data will be collected by 3 major approaches, the primary data source which will be postal questionnaire and interview. Secondary data source is literature review. These research methods are being chosen other than the case study because it is more suitable to be used in the research and can be done in a larger scope.

Literature study

Reference Books and Article

In this research, I will get the information from library resource and reference books. Literature review on the topic of this research can find out from Library College. I have also refers the senior dissertation as a references or guideline in order to get some scheme to complete my research.

Electronic information

For the electronic information, I will search the information from websites for example www.google.com, www.yahoo.com, emerald are used to find the relevant information regarding to my objective and summary for article.

Questionnaires

For the questionnaire is prepared in order to achieve the objectives. I would like to use postal questionnaires method, which can collect broader perception and data for research analysis and facilitate the outcome of this study. The questionnaires is designed to answers the objective that has been outlined. The questionnaire is distributed to selected construction firm company and experience personnel such as main contractor. In order to obtain a high accuracy of survey, 30 sets of questionnaire are sending out. The next step after the data collection would be data analysis. This method includes compiling all the data collected. The survey is carried out to further look deep into the implementation problem and its factor of recycling in Malaysia construction industry.

Interview

I would like to use interview as my survey. I selected this methodology because it is face to face communication and can obtain direct respond. Interview methodology will be the structure interview. The interviewees for my survey will be the experience contractor or recycling company. Form the interview, interviewees can provide the right information, valuable opinion, and experience about the factor and implementation problem may affect the recycling potential in Malaysia

1.6 CONTENT OUTLINE

Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter 2.1: Recycling and reuse concrete aggregate

• recycling method for aggregate, which use as concrete
• Standards and specifications of recycled concrete aggregate

Chapter 2.2: The advantages or disadvantages of reuse the recycled material waste

• Cost, quality and properties
• Source and environment

Chapter 2.3: The application of recycled concrete aggregate

• The use of recycled concrete material in construction industry

Chapter 2.4: The implementation problem recycling concrete aggregate in Malaysia

• The status of implementation to recycling concrete aggregate
• The factor of implementation problem recycling concrete aggregate

Chapter 5: Designing the case study and research methodology

Chapter 6: Analysis and evaluating the case study evidence

Chapter 7: Recommendation and conclusion