Emergency Planning for Tourism: Potential Risks in Bali

✅ Paper Type: Free Essay	✅ Subject: Tourism
✅ Wordcount: 3585 words	✅ Published: 23rd Sep 2019

Reference this

Share this: Facebook Twitter Reddit LinkedIn WhatsApp

Title: Potential Risks and Crisis in Bali
and recommendation in order to implement
them in case of emergency.

Content Page

Introduction…………………………………………………………………………3
Bali and its tourism development in time………………………………………… 4
a. Potential crises that may
be generated in the destination by natural causes………………………………5,6

Geographical, Geological and Demographic Conditions
Natural Disasters

b. Potential crises that may be generated in the destination by human actions…6,7

i. Crimes and Criminality

ii. Health and Safety

Recommendations- Conclusion……………………………………………………….8
Reference List……………………………………………………………………..9..11
Appendices……………………………………………………………………….12..14

Introduction

The following report firstly examines Bali as a destination; afterwards focuses on risk and crisis that already Bali faced and the potential influence in tourism industry. Report examines two specific crises by Natural causes and by human actions. More extensively focuses on Geographical, Geological and Demographic conditions and natural disasters. Concerning, the crises based on human action it is focuses on criminality and health and safety. The element concerns the current situation in Bali and the latest events that happened. The last part of report is the recommendations about the preparation of the destination in order to avoid any future crisis or risk. Have been mentioned the crisis management and the strategies that are appropriate in case of risk to be taken. For further evidence have been used statistic charts and recent researches about the destination.

Bali and its tourism development in time.

Nowadays Bali is one of the most popular Indonesian islands for holidays. It is famous for its warm hospitality and for the unique places and attractions. The most impressing attractions are the exotic temples and palaces, traditional arts, customs and architecture. An amazing experience would be for a visitor the breathtaking sunsets, the exotic beaches, the tropical nature, the volcanoes and the jungles. Bali however, is famous for its aesthetic, cultural arts based on Hinduism. (bali-indonesia.com, 2018). Tourism in Bali is undoubtedly ancient; its tourism history starts from 8^th century, later visits were happened on 11^th, 16^th and on 1597 when Dutch sailors arrived in the island, and that was the first time that Europeans visited the island. The ancient story says that plenty of the ship crew did not want to leave the island because of the power that the Balinese culture already had. (Syah, 2017, Tour, 2018). Bali as a destination is widely known and at the same time tourism demand is always growing. According to, Bali tourism information and research centre, the number of international tourist visit in past five years is raising increasingly. Recently, research based on international tourist visitation from 2016 reached 5 million tourists, exactly accounted 4.852.634 people, prevailing Australian 23.35%, Chinese 20,22%, Japanese 4,82%, British4,54% and Indian 3,66%. Furthermore, is estimated 3.5% for other nationalities such as American, French, Malaysian, Korean. (Balitourismdirectory.com, 2017).

Potential crises that may be generated in the destination by natural causes.

 Geographical, Geological and Demographic Conditions

Indonesia’s location is in a disaster prone area, because of its geographical, geological and demographic conditions could be considered as “Laboratory of Disasters”. (Unescap.org, 2013). Specifically, Bali has high level of disaster as well, because of tropical climate and its location. Taking into account the location the most risky areas are in tropic zones and they are affected by natural disasters as tropical storms, flooding, drought, earthquakes, tsunamis and other cataclysmic events. Plenty of coastal areas in Klungkung have impacted of marine abrasion because of the climate change and the change of the ocean currents in Southern Bali. The every year’s rising seawater levels have affected the local’s life and preoccupying of a future storm tidal surges. (Preventionweb.net, 2015).

Get Help With Your Essay

If you need assistance with writing your essay, our professional essay writing service is here to help!
Find out more about our Essay Writing Service

Indonesia is the largest country of the world which is entirely composed of islands. Indonesia and its islands have been impacted in the past and before months, (October of 2018) from natural disasters. Constantly, the islands are under the risk of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, floods and tsunamis. The residents of the islands and consequently the tourists have been suffered of these terrible occurrences, the poor resources and the political instability cannot support completely the country and the residents. According to researches, 2004, 2016 and 2018 were the most damaging dates of tsunamis and earthquakes in Indonesia. (Save the Children, Voices from the Field blog, 2018). Recent statistics demonstrate that Indonesia for 2019 will be in jeopardy of tsunamis and earthquakes. (See Appendix 1), (Risk index of natural disasters in Indonesia for 2019, 2018).

 Natural Disasters

Additionally, after the latest earthquake and tsunami event in Indonesia a volcano erupted in Sulawesi Island, just a few days later. The eruption scatters volcanic ash 20,000 feet into the sky. The growing concern is how the volcano ash in atmosphere will potentially affect the environment or if can be the reason of a future earthquake or tsunami. (VICE News, 2018). Taking into consideration the previous tragic natural disasters is possible and at the same time expectable the concern of a similar event, not only for the local residents but also for the government and afterwards the tourist’s interest. The geological phenomena render the islands risky, furthermore, the residents of the island and the government waits for more potential alike natural events. The environment of the islands is affected by these events and the current situation after the tragic disasters could make the potential visitation unstable. The following statistic chart is about the tourists’ visitation of the previous year in Indonesia from January of 2017 to July of 2018. (See Appendix 2) (Tradingeconomics.com, 2018).

2. Potential crises that may be generated in the destination by human actions.

 Crimes and Criminality

Bali is one of the most famous overseas tourist destinations however; it has a high level of reported crimes that happened to locals and tourists either. According to researches, for 2016 the total number of crimes in Bali was 3,347 of different cases. The level of criminality is estimated 10 percent, however it is still considered as an unsafe place. (Hambali et al., 2017). An important issue that residents of Bali have to face is the police. Testimonies of locals reveal that police is mistrustful and they afraid of them. It is supported that the police officers will act only if they will earn money by blackmailing and on the other hand, if they act it will not be immediately. (Fugly-bali.org, 2004). Concerning the usual crimes at tourists, the destination is reported about alcohol poisoning, mostly in outside bars and resorts. A really famous local drink, named “arak” made from rice or palm, is used to offer at tourists as a traditional drink but, it is responsible for deaths and injuries when it is mixed with poisonous chemicals. (Planet, 2018). Additionally, Bali citizens and travelers as well, have been victims of robberies. Robberies and thieves is a major problem for Bali, the local authorities warning people to be really careful with their own staff, bags, wallets and other valuables. (Planet, 2018, Fugly-bali.org, 2004, Scti.com.au, 2018). Criminality is generally a major problem in Bali, the residents are suffering for years and the tourists become victims most of the times. The destination after all is still famous, however, at the same time, well known are the danger and the risks that the travelers will probably face with their arrival.

 Health and Safety

Health and safety in Bali is in a crucial situation, plenty of diseases as Cholera and Malaria have been reported. Constantly locals throw rubbish around the tourist areas which has as result the rise of diseases; this is a scourge for many years. (Fugly-bali.org, 2004). Bali has a naturally beauty and is a really famous destination, however, plenty of diseases and death instances are considered, therefore the numerous of tourists that visit it make the possibility of spread disease higher. In case of a disease in Bali, if the reaction is not correctly or immediately handled could lead even to death. Some of the most common diseases are Dengue fever, Malaria, HIV AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Diarrhea. (Setiya, 2018). Health is an important factor in Bali, locals are suffers and most of the times tourists as well. The visitors have to be prepared, to do the appropriate vaccines and be really careful about what they eat or drink. According to Australian government statistics (2012), Bali was the most famous holiday’s destination, therefore the doctors gave important advices about the Indonesia risks and specifically the dengue fever, which it was quiet dangerous and in a high level in June of 2012. The following statistic chart is about the seasonal variation in dengue notifications by place. (See Appendix 3), (Health.wa.gov.au, 2012). Unfortunately, the statistics are still in high level for both criminality and health cases. Those really important cases are considered as weaknesses and could affect in Balinese tourism industry. Generally the current situation that the destination is forced to face is the diseases, crimes, the poor locals and neighborhoods, the poor resources, the mistrustful police and the natural disasters.

Recommendations – Conclusion

As it is mentioned above, Bali has already faced crisis about natural disasters and criminality, however the potential or further crises are threatening the destination. The management of these special cases is necessary, the prevention in order to avoid any future crises is appropriate. According to Lee and Harrald (1999, p. 184) states that “natural disasters can disrupt the supply and distribution chains for even the best prepared businesses”. A major problem for a destination in case of crisis is the non prepared actions or strategies. Organizations and generally the Government that are not well prepared are not capable to operate a difficult issue. Crises could have plenty of ‘faces’ they are different and they need a different way of actions. Parsons (1999) suggests three types of crises, the Immediate Crises, that there is at least or no warning that the organizations are not capable to find and solve the problem before the crisis come, Emerging Crises, a slower in development crisis that may be capable to face, stop or limited by organizational action and Sustained crises, an option that the crisis could last for weeks, months or even for years. Every strategy has to deal with the circumstances and the pressure time. According to Burnett (1998) outlines a classification matrix, (See Appendix 4) which is matrix based on threat level high versus low, many versus few, time pressure intense versus minimal and degree control high versus low. Based on Burnett (1998) suggestion cases that found in level 1 or level 0 would be not classified as a crisis but would be part of the normal strategic management. The issue that will be observed in level 4 and under the time pressure is a challenging issue and the degree of control is low.

A strategic plan has to be ready before the crisis comes; on the other hand an option of a plan is to confront the issue that occurs. Every plan has to begin with clear objectives that will protect the individuals; a plan has to be clearly about the actions that will be taken. Honestly is a really important key before the actions and people has to be informed. Communication with media and the everyday updating news will avoid any rumors. The media are useful in case of crisis to inform and to help extensively to improve the image. In any case of crisis the publicity is a high level of marketing and promotion. (Inc.com, 2018). To sum up plans strategic plan is an important key for any organization and the government.

Reference List

Save the Children | Voices from the Field blog. (2018). 7 Facts About the History of Earthquakes in Indonesia | Save the Children. [online] Available at: http://blog.savethechildren.org/2018/10/7-facts-about-the-history-of-earthquakes-and-tsunamis-in-indonesia.html [Accessed 03 Nov. 2018]
Risk index of natural disasters in Indonesia for 2019, t. (2018). Indonesia: risk index for natural disasters 2019 | Statistic. [online] Statista. Available at: https://www.statista.com/statistics/920857/indonesia-risk-index-for-natural-disasters/ [Accessed 03 Nov. 2018].
Preventionweb.net. (2015). Indonesia: Bali at high risk of disasters | PreventionWeb.net. [online] Available at: https://www.preventionweb.net/news/view/43486 [Accessed 03 Nov. 2018].
Unescap.org. (2013). [online] Available at: https://www.unescap.org/sites/default/files/S2-3_Indonesia.pdf [Accessed 03 Nov. 2018].
VICE News. (2018). Indonesia is caught in a trifecta of natural disasters. [online] Available at: https://news.vice.com/en_us/article/3km7ny/indonesia-is-caught-in-a-trifecta-of-natural-disasters [Accessed 03 Nov. 2018].
Google.co.uk. (2018). bali on map – Google Search. [online] Available at: https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=bali+on+map&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjWguuCzM3eAhUiy4UKHS7-CeYQ_AUIDygC&biw=766&bih=784#imgrc=Hlq09adKSiBGxM: [Accessed 30 Oct. 2018].
Hambali, S., Jay, A., Expat, I., Expat, I., Expat, I., S, L. and Yeung, K. (2017). Foreigners Robbed, Bali Crime Stats Gain Attention. [online] Indonesia Expat. Available at: http://indonesiaexpat.biz/news/foreigners-robbed-bali-crime-stats/ [Accessed 04 Nov. 2018].
Fugly-bali.org. (2004). Bali’s Crime Epidemic. [online] Available at: https://www.fugly-bali.org/crime.html [Accessed 04 Nov. 2018].
Planet, L. (2018). Safety in Bali – Lonely Planet. [online] Lonely Planet. Available at: https://www.lonelyplanet.com/indonesia/bali/safety [Accessed 04 Nov. 2018].
Scti.com.au. (2018). Risks And Dangers In Bali | SCTI Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.scti.com.au/travel-advice/dangers-in-bali/ [Accessed 04 Nov. 2018].
Fugly-bali.org. (2004). Bali Police Extortion – Indonesian Mafia. [online] Available at: https://www.fugly-bali.org/police.html [Accessed 04 Nov. 2018].
Setiya, T. (2018). 10 Most Common Disease in Bali – Facts of Indonesia. [online] Facts of Indonesia. Available at: https://factsofindonesia.com/common-disease-in-bali [Accessed 04 Nov. 2018].
bali-indonesia.com. (2018). Bali – Everything You Need to Know About Bali. [online] Available at: http://www.bali-indonesia.com/?fbclid=IwAR2pxHFtcbiFpHXZwaAEMuB0ukqQkA4pXir06xIoxRoLMDbUTx4UT8oXhOk [Accessed 03 Nov. 2018].
Syah, A. (2017). Brief History of Tourism in Bali – Facts of Indonesia. [online] Facts of Indonesia. Available at: https://factsofindonesia.com/history-tourism-bali [Accessed 03 Nov. 2018].
Balitourismdirectory.com. (2017). Bali Tourism Statistics, Bali Tourism Directory, Bali Tourism Sites. [online] Available at: http://www.balitourismdirectory.com/tourism-studies/bali-tourism-statistics.html [Accessed 03 Nov. 2018].
Tour, G. (2018). The History Of Tourism In Bali | Bali Tours | Gede Paradise Bali Tour. [online] Gedeparadisebalitour.com. Available at: http://gedeparadisebalitour.com/en/latest-news/the-history-of-tourism-in-bali.html [Accessed 03 Nov. 2018].
Lee, Y. and Harrald, J. (1999). Critical issue for business area impact analysis in business crisis management: analytical capability. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 8(3), pp.184-189.
Burnett, J. (1998). A strategic approach to managing crises. Public Relations Review, 24(4), pp.475-488.
Parsons, W. (1996). Crisis management. Career Development International, 1(5), pp.26-28.
Inc.com. (2018). 7 critical steps to crisis management. [online] Available at: https://www.inc.com/bruce-condit/7-critical-steps-to-crisis-management.html [Accessed 05 Nov. 2018].
Tradingeconomics.com. (2018). Indonesia Tourist Arrivals | 2011-2018 | Data | Chart | Calendar | Forecast. [online] Available at: https://tradingeconomics.com/indonesia/tourist-arrivals [Accessed 03 Nov. 2018].
Health.wa.gov.au. (2012). Disease WAtch | December 2012, Volume 16, Issue 5 | Bali travel behind spike in dengue fever. [online] Available at: http://www.health.wa.gov.au/diseasewatch/vol16_issue5/bali_travel.cfm [Accessed 04 Nov. 2018].