Marketing Essays
The essays below were written by students to help you with your own studies. If you are looking for help with your essay then we offer a comprehensive writing service, provided by fully qualified academics in your field of study.
Marketing Essays & Related Services
Dyson Marketing Analysis
Example essay. Published: 29th Jun 2017
Dyson are currently the market follower in air treatment product, Dimplex Australia and De’Longhi Australia Pty Ltd are by far the dominant players cooling fans (Euromonitor, 2010) Dyson Ltd rep ...
Dyson Marketing Communications
Example essay. Published: 12th Jul 2017
Dyson Appliances Limited is a UK based company which is a market leader in selling vacuum cleaners in UK, US, Australia, Japan and rest of Europe. It started marketing its vacuum cleaners in 1993 in U ...
E Business Development My T Shirt Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
My T-Shirt! is an exciting new business that allows people to custom design a shirt (specifically the design on the front or back) any way that they would like. By intelligently leveraging cutting ed ...
E Business Marketing And Analysis Of Virgin Holidays Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Virgin Holidays is one of the largest operating travel based organisations in the UK. It is ancillary company of Virgin Group which was founded in 1970 by Richard Branson. The Virgin group currently o ...
E Business Strategy Of Tesco Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Task 1 is focused on Company that has created for increasing demands in various outlets. In this part, there is an insight of the situation analysis of its products, marketing objectives, marketing s ...
E Commerce On Marketing Strategy Of Hotel Industry Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
E-commerce is defined as the complete set of process that supports business activities in 1970s and 1980s; this would also have involved information analysis. The growth and acceptance of credit cards ...
E Marketing Or Digital Marketing Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
E-marketing or digital marketing is referred as marketing principles and techniques via electronic media and more specifically the Internet. The terms e-marketing, internet marketing, digital marketin ...
E marketing strategies of easyjet
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
EasyJet is an airline company operating in Europe with its base in UK. It was founded by Stelios Haji-Ioannou in mid 1995. EasyJet’s operations are paperless, with all business transactions done ...
E-Business in the Hospitality Industry
Example essay. Published: 14th Apr 2017
Describe some recent development of e-business application in the hospitality industry. Answer 1 E-BUSINESS: E-business (electronic business), derived from such terms as “e-mail” and ̶ ...
E-Business Versus Traditional Retailing
Example essay. Published: 8th May 2017
Abstract As the Internet access becomes widespread, both businesses and consumers worldwide used web as a main tool for marketing and shopping. As a result, the impact on retailers and consumers are r ...
E-Commerce in India
Example essay. Published: 12th Jul 2017
Marketing environment in India is changing. The trend of marketing by the consumers has changed drastically from past 10 years till date. The local environment has changed in both infrastructural ,soc ...
E-commerce techniques used by Toyota Motor Corporation
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
This report discusses the details of conducting a long-term comparison and analysis of the Automotive Industry-Covisint, specifically focusing on Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC). The purpose of this co ...
E-marketing strategies for Nestle
Example essay. Published: 18th Apr 2017
Consumers buying behaviour and want often changed rapidly as the trend of the market and the current fad had worked closely with the advancement of technology. Marketing has also moved to ‘helpi ...
Easy Jet Case Study Management Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
It is renowned that online marketers try to put there URL where ever they can catch customers. We often observe the most of the products have packaging with well mentioned URL on it. Similarly easyjet ...
Easy Jet The Most Successful Marketing Strategies Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
EasyJet has make the most of successful marketing strategies through the a range of channels available, in order to set up and uphold a control position in the low-cost airline industry. “One of ...
EasyCar Rental Business Analysis
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
This case describes the situation faced by easyCar.com at the start of 2003. EasyCar is the low priced European car rental business founded by easy Jet pioneer Stelios Haji-Ioannou. EasyCar had just r ...
EasyGroup Business Model Analysis
Example essay. Published: 29th Jun 2017
The easyGroup is the owner of the easy brand and licenses it to all of the easy branded businesses, including easyJet plc, the airline Stelios started in 1995 and in which he remains the largest singl ...
Easyjet Brand Position Analysis Essay
Example essay. Published: 23rd Jun 2017
1. Who is/are currently the brand’s target market(s) and other important publics in the UK? Profile these groups in as much detail as you can, given word-count restrictions. EasyJet Current Targ ...
EasyJet Company Analysis
Example essay. Published: 9th May 2017
This technical report is prepared to clarify the marketing strategies implemented by EasyJet in order to gain a competitive edge over its rivals in the market for low-cost aviation. I have researched ...
EasyJet E-Marketing Strategies Analysis
Example essay. Published: 9th Jan 2018
This technical report has been order to clarify the e-marketing strategies implemented by the EasyJet airline to gain competitive advantages over its rivals in the marketing for low cost aviation. Sit ...
Easyjet Marketing Strategy Analysis
Example essay. Published: 27th Jun 2017
Jump to: Easyjet PEST Analysis | Easyjet SWOT Analysis | Easyjet Marketing Mix | Implementing and Managing Easyjet’s Policies | CSR at Easyjet This technical report has been ordered to clarify t ...
Easyjet overview and strategy analysis
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
EasyJet Airline Company Limited known as low cost airline based in London- Luton airport. The airline operates frequent services for business and leisure passengers and serves more than 500 routes bet ...
Easyjet: A No Frills Airline
Example essay. Published: 18th Apr 2017
Aim of project The aim of this report is to analyse and evaluate the competitive strategy that Easyjet have utilised in order to develop their current competitive position in the low price no frills a ...
Eating Out: A Common Phenomenon Among Malaysians
Example essay. Published: 24th Apr 2017
Eating out is a common phenomenon among Malaysians. However, the selection of a restaurant is dependent on the restaurant variety, the consumer personality and the consumption context. With the increa ...
Eatveggie: A marketing analysis
Example essay. Published: 15th May 2017
“Eatveggie” is a vegetarian healthy restaurant located in the student center, in the American University of Sharjah. Our target market is vegetarian students at AUS. The restaurant will ha ...
Ebags Is The Worlds Leading Online Retailer Luggage Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
EBags is the world’s leading online retailer of luggage, handbags, business cases, backpacks and accessories for all lifestyles. eBags features more than 36,000 products from over 520 brand name ...
EBay Competitive Advantage
Example essay. Published: 11th Jul 2017
The main purpose of this report is to analyse how eBay’s strategic capabilities might provide sustainable competitive advantage, also propose and justify a structural type for eBay which would m ...
Ebay Marketing Strategies And Values Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
eBay, by its very nature provides a central location for people to buy and sell unique items, and to meet other users with similar interests. Being the pioneer of the online auction industry, it start ...
Ebusiness Plan Online Furniture Shops Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
This report outlines an online business plan for our company known as the Online Furniture Shop. We tend to cater needs of several kinds of customers ranging from large organization, small offices, sc ...
Ebusiness Systems And Strategy Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Holland Barrett are one of the leading companies in the UK with regards to the manufacture and retail of food products, joint care, toiletries, health supplements and herbal products of various kinds. ...
Eco Friendly Attitude Impacts Eco Friendly Behaviour
Example essay. Published: 27th Apr 2017
Purpose -This research paper seeks to test whether Eco-friendly attitude impacts Eco-friendly behaviour. It also explores if Environmental awareness has a mediation effect on the relationship between ...
Eco-Friendly Cars PESTEL and SWOT Analysis
Example essay. Published: 6th Jun 2017
ECOF (Eco- Friendly) cars were found in 2011. The company produces eco-friendly plug-in cars. Being a new company it comes with innovative ideas. The company subsidiaries and manufacturing in India. E ...
Eco-friendly products and environmental consciousness
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
This chapter present the theoretical framework that the method and analysis is built on. This structure has been chosen in order to give the reader a chance to evaluate eco-friendly product and enviro ...
ECommerce in Hospitality and Tourism Industry
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
New technologies are providing different channels for marketing and management that improve the capabilities of society. And computers are providing faster and more reliable processing with lower cost ...
Economic Analysis of Nintendo
Example essay. Published: 9th Jan 2018
Nintendo is a company which manufactures video games and gaming consoles and it is not new company as, it have been one of the oldest in the stock market. This company actually produces different devi ...
Economics assignment on floor cleaning detergents
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Market: Market structure refers to the environment in which the buyers & seller of the product operate & interact directly or indirectly. Classification of Markets Market Characteristics Mar ...
Economics For Managers: Car Industry In Malaysia
Example essay. Published: 4th May 2017
The automotive industry is one of the most important industries in the manufacturing sector in Malaysia. Comparing with other manufacturing industries, the automotive industry is a promising one and c ...
Economies of Scale – Retail Industry Analysis
Example essay. Published: 6th Jun 2017
The economies of scale in the specialty retail industry are quite large. All of the companies in this industry have a very formidable first mover advantage. Many of the competitors in this industry al ...
Effect and process of globalization at General Motors
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
General Motors Corp, the worlds largest automaker, has been the global industry sales leader for 75 years. Founded in 1908, GM today employs about 327,000 people around the world. With global headquar ...
Effect of Brand Equity on Consumer Perception of Brand
Example essay. Published: 16th Jan 2018
Brand equity plays an important role in the firms in creation and development of both product and company brand strategy. The study aim to analyze the relationship of different variables of brand equi ...
Effect Of Celebrity Endorsement In Advertisement Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Introduction: This paper studies and analyzes the effect of celebrity endorsement in advertisement on the people in India. In this era, people are exposed to different voices and images in magazines, ...
Effect of globalisation on fast food industry
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
As mentioned earlier in part 1.3, I will be using Porter’s Five Forces to analyse the external environment to obtain a comprehensive understanding of a given industry. My focus here will be the ...
Effect of Humorous Advertisements on Customer Behavior
Example essay. Published: 10th Jan 2018
Humor has a universal language. It doesn’t need degrees in obscure languages, hardly ever in Clinical Psychology and it is one of the few devices used to make people smile and think at the same ...
Effect Of Tesco Clubcard On Consumer Store Loyalty Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
The intend of the researcher is to examine the effect of the Tesco Clubcard on consumer store loyalty. In 1995, Tesco bring in the constancy clubcard that was to propose, ” benefits to regular ...
Effective Customer Relationship Management System
Example essay. Published: 29th Dec 2017
This essay explores the need for customer relationship management systems. It begins by explaining how the organisational environment has changed and the pace of change is accelerating. It then consid ...
Effective Marketing Practices
Example essay. Published: 6th Jul 2017
Effective marketing practices Introduction Marketing is the art of making prospective consumers and customers to be interested in your goods and or services (Kotler, 2006). The definition above implie ...
Effectiveness and Efficiency of Distribution Channels In FMCG
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Fast Moving Consumer Goods popularly known FMCG is as the name suggests is the most demanded products in the market. It includes everything from food items like flour, biscuits, ice creams, etc to bod ...
Effectiveness Of Customer Relationship Management Of Greggs Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
The target of this research is to propose a virtual investigation of marketing functions of the Greggs in UK. This analysis is mainly about the customer relationship management of this company at East ...
Effectiveness Of Online Marketing Tools Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
The present research paper is looking into effectiveness of online marketing tools on B2C websites. In this section a background in e-commerce, online marketing and online customers is provided in ord ...
Effectiveness of Product Placement of Cars
Example essay. Published: 3rd Jan 2018
Product placement is a marketing tool where a product is put into a movie scene where it is heard or seen, or its brand name heard (Lehu and Bressoud 2008). This marketing practice has since mushroome ...
Effectiveness Of Promotional Strategies
Example essay. Published: 6th Jun 2017
Introduction Promotional strategies are the means of attracting new and retaining existing customers. Organizations chalk out various strategies from time to time to grab greater market share which in ...
Effectiveness of Sports Sponsorship
Example essay. Published: 5th Jul 2018
Introduction “Few marketing platforms can match the brand building opportunities offered by sports sponsorships, with the guarantee of exposure in print, broadcast and new media. In the highly emot ...
Effectiveness Of The Clarins Integrated Marketing Communications Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Since the Clarins group built in 1954 by Jacques Courtin-Clarins. The brand soon became a skin leader in France in 1980 and then Europe in 1990. They are also diversification their product through lau ...
Effects Of Consumerism In The 21st Century Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
The term consumerism denotes an economic and a social order, whose objective is to encourage the purchase of goods and services, in a large amount. Consumerism is part of the media culture, and is ass ...
Effects of Online Shopping on Clothing Industry
Example essay. Published: 14th Jun 2017
Introduction Internet has emerged as the most appealing way for shopping after the first online shopping store was initiated in 1990s (Geissler, 2001). The fastest and convenient online shopping with ...
Effects Of Packaging And Branding On Customers Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Packaging is the science, art and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of design, evaluation, and production of ...
Effects of Viral Marketing
Example essay. Published: 9th Jan 2018
Viral Marketing 1.1 Viral Marketing These years, the competitions among companies become more and more furious. Song (2004) pointed out that many companies in order to survive even to develop, they tr ...
Efficiency of Sales Promotions in the Mobile Phone Industry
Example essay. Published: 25th Apr 2017
Sales promotions are typically viewed as an easily executed means of boosting short-term sales. Sales promotions can be divided into trade promotions, such as those directed at retailers (e.g. margin allowances, slotting and case allowances) and consumer promotions, which include activities such as premiums, coupons, and price offs. ...
Efficient Movement Of Finished Goods Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Physical distribution is the set of activities concerned with efficient movement of finished goods from the end of the production operation to the consumer. Physical distribution takes place within nu ...
Efficient Ways To Promote Business
Example essay. Published: 2nd May 2017
The main purpose to own a marketing plan to promote the business which includes its strategy, its direction, its services and lastly to determine the profit base of a business. With the current I.T Te ...
Electric And Electronic Industry In Malaysia
Example essay. Published: 15th May 2017
Since the 2010s, the electric and electronic industry has become the leading sector in manufacturing industry in our country – Malaysia. This industry has a part of distribution to the country&# ...
Electrical Appliances Good Retail Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Goa is India’s smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population. Located on the west coast of India in the region known as the Konkan, it is bounded by the state of Maharashtra to th ...
Electronic Arts Marketing Analysis
Example essay. Published: 7th Jun 2017
Electronic Arts Inc. is a guiding global interactive entertainment software company. Electronic Arts Inc is an universal developer, dealer, publisher and distributor of interactive software worldwide ...
Electronic Word Of Mouth Communication Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
User generated content is being generated in various forms like product videos, product usage discussions, user product reviews, product photo and information sharing etc. Some of the common online pl ...
Electronics Industry Life Cycle Stages
Example essay. Published: 15th May 2017
INTRODUCTION Samsung electronics Industry Corporation was created in 1969 as a division of Samsung group, and the name of corporation was changed to the current name which Samsung electronics in 1984. ...
Elements Of Marketing Concepts
Example essay. Published: 2nd Jun 2017
Introduction The marketing environment has been changed due to the technological advancement and globalization (Kotler et al., 2012). In addition, the marketing efficiency is completely responsible to ...
Elements Of Promotional Mix
Example essay. Published: 18th May 2017
The term mix implies that a company’s promotion strategy is focused on more than one element, so the challenge is to integrate these different communication tools in an effective way. Following ...
Elements Of The Extended Marketing Mix Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
The elements of the extended marketing mix (the 7ps) which are Price, Product, Place, Promotion, People, Processes, Physical evidence will be developed, how they helps to examine the stages and steps ...
Elements Of The Service Marketing Mix Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Marketing mix is the key concept in the marketing task. It is the strategy used to perform marketing functions. Marketing mix according to De Aze is the planned package of elements which will support ...
Elie Saab Marketing Analysis
Example essay. Published: 10th Jul 2017
Expanding a luxury brand without diluting its luxury status has become a challenge to many luxury brands. Premium luxury brands therefore need to plan their expansion strategy carefully. This report w ...
Emami limited analysis of product diversification
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
The Indian FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) sector is the fourth largest in the economy with the total market size over US$ 13.1 billion. It has a strong Global presence and is characterized by a wel ...
Emerging Cultures And Economies: Starbucks
Example essay. Published: 19th May 2017
The extract below will explain how Starbucks will enter into emerging economies and influence on its cultures, eg. India and China. Further I will analyze the cultural difference compared to the US wi ...
Emerging New Luxury Brands Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Let us imagine that we have gone back a decade in time. There is a woman in some part of the world flipping through the pages of a high-fashion magazine. The minute she opens the magazine she is bomba ...
Emerging Trends In Ecommerce Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
This assignment comprises of an overview of the developing trends in eCommerce by describing what eCommerce is, a list of the types of eCommerce and lastly, we will focus on two types of eCommerce whi ...
Emerging Trends In Modern Retail Formats In India Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
The time has come for Indian retailing. The signals are there all over. The newspapers, business press, the governments, the Chief Executive Officers of large corporations, all talk about it day in da ...
Emerging Trends Which Zara Will Need To Respond
Example essay. Published: 25th Apr 2017
The purpose of this report is to analyse the company Zara in terms of their retail strategy, business environment, major decisions taken and to identify the emerging trends they will need to respond t ...
Emirates Airline Sustainability
Example essay. Published: 26th May 2017
The report analyses the sustainability condition of Emirates airline and proves that the company is sustainable with the help of Quantitative figures. The Sustainability in general defined as “m ...
Emirates Airlines And Industry Analysis Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
This airline that named as Emirates is one of the most important key for corporation in the group of Emirates. As we mentioned in the above paragraph, Dnata is another largest travel organization in t ...
Emirates Airlines: Key Performance Indicator Analysis
Example essay. Published: 3rd Jan 2018
In this simulation you chose a sector to operate in (budget, mid-range or luxury). What have you learned about these sectors as a result of your experience in this simulation? What would you have done ...
Emirates Airways Customer Perception
Example essay. Published: 21st Jul 2017
For this project, we have used both primary and secondary data. As part of our primary data, a survey questionnaire was created and handed out to 50 passengers who have and continue to fly with Emirat ...
Emotional And Functional Branding In Washing Detergent Brands Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Branding is a very important factor in today’s highly competitive business environment in any given industry for company it’s very important to invest in building strong brands rather than ...
Emotional Branding Emotional Perception Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
This section will demonstrate the main research findings obtained from the methods of investigation explained in the previous section. It brings out the relationship between Light, emotions, colours a ...
Empirical Analysis On The 7ps Of Pizza Hut Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Abstract and aim By using “personal survey” questionnaire, 150-200 students of City University of Hong Kong will be asked, in order to find out the competitive advantage of Pizza hut and c ...
Ending The War Between Sales And Marketing Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
The subject of this article could be explained as the though collaboration between Sales and Marketing departments. Outsiders often confuse Sales with Marketing, and the other way around, while in fac ...
Energy Drink Company SWOT Analysis
Example essay. Published: 4th Jul 2017
According to the Rage strategy, The company pay lots of attention on advertising to create the brand image, while make effort in promoting Rage energy drink and also increase consumer brand awareness ...
Energy Drink Market Analysis
Example essay. Published: 12th Jan 2018
Introduction Background of the energy drink market Currently, the beverages industry shows a strong growth, and the energy drinks industry particularly expects further growth in the near future. Caffe ...
Energy drink marketing plan
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
The main purpose of this summary of the AMP for an energy drink marketing plan is to highlight the main points. Variety of analysis tools to develop and market segmentation in the marketing mix has pr ...
Entering The Confectionery Market
Example essay. Published: 27th Apr 2017
The Confectioners’ intensity of rivalry among existing companies is high even though the industry has partially differentiated products. This is due to many equally balanced competitors, slow gr ...
Entering the Fast Food Industry
Example essay. Published: 7th Jul 2017
Introduction ‘Pull open the glass door, feel the rush of cool air, walk in, get on line, study the backlit color photographs above the counter, place your order, hand over a few dollars, watch ...
Entering the international market of malaysian coffee shop
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Old Town White Coffee is the legend recipe since 1958 from an old town in Ipoh, Malaysia. In order to let everyone enjoy the aroma of coffee anytime and anywhere, Mr Goh Ching Mun and Mr Tan Say Yap f ...
Entities Which May Be Marketed Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
According to Kotler identified the following 10 types of entities which may be marketed. According to Kotler marketing management is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping ...
Entry Into The Japanese Dental Market Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Dental industry is a part of medical industry, but it is very exclusive, and has little relationship with other industries. The whole pie of market is relatively small, therefore big enterprises rarel ...
Entry Mode To International Market Of Mustika Ratu Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
Mustika Ratu is a successful example of Indonesia local companies that through international markets. Mustika Ratu Products have wide scope, ranging from a variety of cosmetics, until oil telon and Sl ...
Entry Strategy for a UK Coffee House
Example essay. Published: 21st Apr 2017
As it was written in the first paper, I want to open Café business in the United Kingdom. I have discussed the political, economic, and cultural profiles. Now I am going to analyze the coffee shop ma ...
Entry strategy of tesco in USA
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
TESCO is the largest retail chain in Britain founded by Jack Cohen in 1919. Its headquarters is in Cheshunt, London. It is the largest retailer in terms of sales and domestic shares in Britain with pr ...
Environment Analyses That Will Impact Burger King Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
This research market proposal is for Burger King for their marketing strategies to launch their new cafe in competition with McCafe of McDonalds. This report is an in depth analysis of its Internal an ...
Environment analysis for Machhapuchchhre Bank Limited
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
MBL is one of the popular ‘A’ category commercial bank in Nepal providing its full fledged personal and corporate banking services nationwide. The marketing plan of MBL which is being addr ...
Environmental Analysis Of Brazil Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
DAIM Co. is the company that has been operating successfully for the past 15 years providing and manufacturing computer and computer devices and considered as the market leader in the Malaysian market ...
Environmental Analysis of Malaysia Airlines
Example essay. Published: 3rd Jan 2018
The general environment represents the outer layer of the environment which are international, technological, sociocultural, economic, and the legal-political. The task environment includes all sector ...
Environmental Analysis Of Mobile Phone Industry Marketing Essay
Example essay. Published: 1st Jan 2015
To analyse the external environment of a mobile industry and to identify the implications to the marketing department of a large mobile producer, which is decided to develop a new range of high-tech m ...
Tip: If you can't find what you are looking for, try shortening your search phrase. E.g. "CSR"