History Of Sustainable Development Environmental Sciences Essay

Definitions of SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs. Balancing the fulfillment of human needs with the protection of the natural environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but in the indefinite future

“The integration of environmental, economic and social considerations – as the key to ensuring we maintain our quality of life and continue to create jobs, without compromising the integrity of the natural environment or the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”.

What is sustainable development?

It is a system of resources to get human needs while protecting the environment.So the man can have their needs not only present but also future

Problems

Sustainable Development(As a solution)

position for Engineers

Conclusions

Component of SD

Outdoor Space

• Community Green Space Supports Walk able Urbani

Water

• Drilled wells• Dug wells• Rainwater harvesting through a system of cisterns and catchments

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Rain_Water_storage.JPG/220px-Rain_Water_storage.JPG

A 35,003 liter rainwater harvesting tank in Kerala

Waste executive

• Recycling • Use of landfill to power sewage treatment plant

Building Materials•

filling: – Recycled fiberglass insulation ,Double-paned windows

Interior Products

• Energy Star appliances, Compact fluorescent light bulbs• Countertops made of recycled materials: glass, aluminum, paper, etc.• Recycled

Sustainable Forms of Energy

• Solar energy

• Biomass energy

• Hydroelectric power

• wind energy

Main targets of SD

1. Education

sinking school drop-out rates below 10%

2. Poverty / social omission

at least 20 million people in the world are effected due to poverty and social omission

3. Employment

75% of the 20-64 year-olds to be employed

4. R&D / modernization

3% of the EU’s GDP (public and private combined) to be invested in R&D/innovation

5. Climate change / energy

greenhouse gas emissions 20% (or even 30%, if the conditions are right) lower than 1990; 20% of energy from renewable;

20% increase in energy efficiency

at least 40% of 30-34-year-olds completing third level education

6Aspects of Sustainable Development

Social

Environmental

political

economical

Cultural

7 Dimensions of Sustainable Development

Principles of Sustainable Development

Developing Human abilities – people are at the core of development initiatives

Holistic Science and Appropriate Technology – the search for solutions to the complex milieu of development problems has to be undertaken with the perspective that situates specific problems in the larger social and ecological context.

Cultural, Moral and Spiritual Sensitivity – nurturing the inherent strengths of local and indigenous knowledge, practices and beliefs while respecting the cultural diversity, moral norms and spiritual essence of Filipino society

Self-strength of mind – Respecting the right and relying on the inherent capacity of the country and its people to decide on the course of their own progress

National Sovereignty – self-determination at the national level where the norms of society and the specifics of the local ecology inform national governance. Includes human and environmental security as well as achieving and ensuring security and self-reliance in basic staple foods.

Gender Sensitivity – recognizing the important and complementary roles and the empowerment of both men and women in development

Peace, Order and National Unity – securing the right of all to a peaceful and secure existence

Social Justice, Inter- Intra-Generational and Spatial Equity – ensuring social cohesion and harmony through equitable distribution of resources and providing the various sectors of society with equal access to development opportunities and benefits today and in the future

Participatory Democracy – ensuring the participation and empowerment of all sectors of society in development decision-making and processes and to operationalize inter-sectoral and multi-sectoral consensus

Institutional Viability – recognizing that sustainable development is a shared, collective and indivisible responsibility which calls for institutional structures that are built around the spirit of solidarity, convergence and partnership between and among different stakeholders.

Ecological Soundness – recognizing nature as our common heritage and thus respecting the limited carrying capacity and integrity of nature in the development process to ensure the right of present and future generations to this heritage.

Biographical Equity and Community-Based Resource Management – recognizing that since communities residing within or most proximate to an ecosystem of a bio-geographic region will be the ones to most directly and immediately feel the positive and negative impacts on that ecosystem, they should be given prior claim to the development decisions affecting that ecosystem including management of the resources.

Global Cooperation – building upon and contributing to the diverse capacities of individual nations

Conclusion

For the development process of (social,economic and political)in the modern society,sustainable development is more applicable process.

– R & D

– Planning, design,

implementation/manufacturing,

operations & maintenance

HISTORY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

The first idea about sustainability is emerged during the 1970s and1980s.The topic,How human behavior damage the environment and putting humans at risk is marked first in1972.

In 1980 The International Union set the world conservation strategy for the conservation of nature with World Wild life Fund and the UN Environment program,and released the idea of environmental protection in the self – interest of the human species

In 1987,Brundtland commission released OUR COMMON FUTUTRE,a report that covered the about the environment and poverty in many parts of the world.

World attention on sustainability peaked at the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development, in Rio de Janeiro. It brought together the heads or senior officials of 179 governments, and included the Earth Summit, the largest-ever meeting of world leaders. Rio produced two international agreements, two statements of principles and a major action agenda on worldwide sustainable development.

Sustainable design

what is Sustainable design?

The attitude of designing physical objectives to build environment and agree to service mainly with social environmental and economic sustainability.

Theory

The main target of the sustainable design is to remove widely, environmental collisions through skilled sensitive design.Manifestations of sustainable design bond the people with the environment,effecting the environment minimally,by requiring no non renewable resources

Beyond the “elimination of negative environmental impact”, there must be projects that are meaningful innovations that can shift actions. A active balance between economy and society, planned to create long-term contact between user and object/service and lastly to be polite and mindful of the environmental and social differences

Sustainable design principles

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/CalifAcadamyOfSciAug28-2008img0640.JPG/290px-CalifAcadamyOfSciAug28-2008img0640.JPG

Examples :-

The California Academy of Sciences ,San Francisca,california, It’s a sustainable building designed by Renzo Piano

There are some reasons ,While the practical purpose varies among disciplines,

Low-impact materials: choose non-toxic, sustainably produced or recycled materials which require little energy to process

Energy efficiency: use built-up processes and produce products which require less energy

Quality and durability: longer-lasting and better-functioning goods will have to be replaced less frequently, sinking the impacts of producing replacements

Design for reuse and recycling: “Products, processes, and systems should be planned for performance in a commercial ‘afterlife’.”

Design Impact Measures for total carbon footprint and life-cycle assessment for any resource used are increasingly required and available. Many are complex, but some give quick and accurate whole-earth estimates of impacts. One measure estimates any spending as consuming an average economic share of global energy use of 8,000 BTU (8,400 kJ) per dollar and producing at the average rate of 0.57 kg of CO2 per dollar (1995 dollars US) from DOE figures.

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Sustainable Design Standards and project design guides are also increasingly available and are vigorously being developed by a wide array of private organizations and individuals. There is also a large body of new methods emerging from the rapid development of what has become known as ‘sustainability science’ promoted by a wide variety of educational and governmental institutions.

Biomimicry: “redesigning industrial systems on biological lines … enabling the constant reuse of materials in continuous closed cycles…”

Service substitution: shifting the mode of consumption from personal ownership of products to provision of services which provide similar functions, e.g., from a private automobile to a carsharing service. Such a system promotes minimal resource use per unit of consumption (e.g., per trip driven).[11]

Renewability: materials should come from nearby (local or bioregional), sustainably managed renewable sources that can be composted when their usefulness has been exhausted.

Robust eco-design: robust design principles are applied to the design of a pollution sources).

Applications

Applied fields.

Sustainable architecture design

Sustainable landscape

Sustainable graphic design

Sustainable agriculture design

Urban design

Urban planning

Engineering

Industrial design

Interior design

Fashion design

Human Computer interaction

Sustainable design is the most important solution to global environmental damages. increment of human population, continuous development of economic activities decrement and failure of natural resources hurt the ecosystems and loss of biodiversity.

The Whole earth effected,increment of goods and services is consistently outpacing gains in efficiency due to the restrictions of sustainable design. As a result, the net effect of sustainable design to date has been to simply improve the efficiency of continuously increasing impacts. The present situation, that targets on the efficiency of delivering services and products is not a solution for this problem. The basic dilemmas contended: the increasing complexity of efficiency improvements; the difficulty of implementing new technologies in societies built around old ones; that physical impacts of delivering goods and services are not localized, but are distributed throughout the economies; and that the scale of resource use is growing and not stabilizing.