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Wireless sensor networks in environmental monitoring

Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks

There are various the applicationsof wireless sensor network (WSN). A general categorization of WSN applications may include Agricultural and environmental monitoring, military applications, medical research, home applications and other commercial applications are include in WSN.

Agricultural and Environmental monitoring

Agricultural and environmental monitoring is a popular area of wireless sensor network. Crop and livestock management and also precise control of fertilizer concentrations are possible owing to the wireless sensor network. Exploration and surveillance in unfriendly environments for example: remote geographic regions or toxic locations can take place and also it can use for monitor ring of freshwater quality. Forest fire and floods can be detected early and can be localized precisely by densely deployed sensor networks.

Military application

Military application is another use of wireless sensor network. Because most of the elemental knowledge of sensor networks is basic on the defense application at the beginning. Using wireless sensor network their commanders can monitor their status, their locations of troops, weapons and supplies to improve military command, control, communications and computing.

It can also use for monitoring friendly forces, equipment and also ammunition.
It can be use for surveillance and battlefield monitoring
Using vibrating and magnetic sensor can report vehicle, personal movement reconnaissance of opposing forces.
Using multiple acoustic sensors snipers can be localized by the collaborative effort.
Sensitive objects for example: bridge, oil, gas pipe lines, military headquarters, communication tower and atomic plants can be protected using intelligent sensor.
Using sensor network can detect biological, nuclear, and chemical attack.

Medical Research

Medical research and healthcare also another popular are of sensor network. For example using sensor network: vital sign monitoring and the most natural application is accident recognitions . Sensor networks are also widely used in health care area. In some modern hospital sensor networks are constructed to monitor patient physiological data, to control the drug administration track and could monitor the patient and help them in their daily schedule and reminding them of their meals and medications. A wearable sensor node can store patient detail information like patient identification, patient history and treatments.

Home Application

Along with developing commercial application of sensor network it is no so hard to image that Home application will step into our normal life in the future.

When you want to enter the home then front door sensor detects that you are opening the door.
Then detector tells the electric kettle to boil some water for your shower and air condition automatically will start.
When you will site in the sofa lazily then light will on automatically because the pressure sensor under the cushion detected your weight.
Then TV will start automatically because another sensor detect you that somebody are sitting in front of TV.
For temperature measuring use some sensor. These sensors will detect the room environment and set the right temperature.
The light of the corridor, washing room, balcony all are installed with sensor and all are automatically on and off.
In the windows has a vibratory sensor which is connected to police to against thief.

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