| Rule 1 |
First of all, use the ever suffix when who or whom can fit into two clauses in the sentence. |
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Example |
Give it to whoever/whomever asks for it first.
Give it to him. He asks for it first. |
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| Rule 2 |
Because we can substitute him and he in both clauses, we must use the ever suffix. Now, to determine whether to use whoever or whomever, here is the rule:
him + he = whoever
him + him = whomever
Therefore, Give it to whoever asks for it first. |
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Examples |
We will hire whoever/whomever you recommend.
We will hire him. You recommend him.
him + him = whomever |
We will hire whoever/whomever is most qualified.
We will hire him. He is most qualified.
him + he = whoever |
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| Rule 3 |
When the entire whoever/whomever clause is the subject of the verb following the clause, look inside the clause to determine whether to use whoever or whomever. |
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Examples |
Whoever is elected will serve a four-year term.
Whoever is elected is the subject of will serve.
Whoever is the subject of is. |
Whomever you elect will serve a four-year term.
Whomever you elect is the subject of will serve.
Whomever is the object of you elect. |
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